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2-1 Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits(IC)

Digital circuits are constructed with Integrated Circuits

An Integrated Circuits is a small silicon semiconductor crystal, called chip

The various gates are interconnected inside the chip to form the required circuit

The chip is mounted in a ceramic or plastic container, and connections are welded by thin gold wires to external pins to form the integrated circuits

The number of pins may range from 14 in a small IC package to 100 or more in a larger package

Each IC has a numeric designation printed on the surface of the package for identification

http://www.fullman.com/semiconductors/index.html

Logic Family에 의한 분류

MOSFET

BJT

MOS Family(N or P Channel) : High Component Density

CMOS Family(N or P Channel) : Low Power

TTL Family : 일반적으로 많이 사용

ECL Family : 고속을 요구하는 특수용도

현재 TTL 과 CMOS

주로사용

TTL Family

54 Series : -55 ° C  125 °C, Military

74 Series : 0 ° C  70 ° C, Commercial

54/74 : Standard

54L/74L : Low-power

54S/74S : Schottky

54LS/74LS : Low-power, Schottky

54H/74H : High-speed

CMOS Family

4000 Series(RCA), MC14500(Motorola), 5000(Toshiba), 54C/74C Series, 54HC/74HC Series

동작온도 : -30 ° C  85 ° C , Fan-out 증가, Noise Margin 증가, Low-power

* Schottky Diode

금속과 반도체를 연결하면 ECL 보다는 느리지만 동작속도가 빨라짐( 0.4 Volt에서 동작)

0.2 0.4 0.6

V

i

Schottky Diode

Schottky Transistor

Forward Bias

Package Types

Small Outline Transistor (SOT)

Small Outline Package (SOP)

Dual-In-Line Package (DIP)

Plastic/Ceramic Pin Grid Array (PPGA/CPGA)

Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)

Plastic Quad Flat Package (PQFP)

TO Packages (Transistor single Outline)

Ceramic Leadless Chip Carrier (LCC)